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Fastener Reference Charts

The charts every counter, quality lab, and maintenance shop keeps taped to the wall — free, original, and printable. Based on published ASME and SAE standard data. Always verify critical applications against the governing standard.

Inch (Unified) Thread Sizes & Tap Drills

SizeUNC (coarse) TPIUNC Tap DrillUNF (fine) TPI
#440#4348
#632#3640
#832#2936
#1024#2532
1/420#728
5/1618F24
3/8165/1624
7/1614U20
1/21327/6420
9/161231/6418
5/81117/3218
3/41021/3216
7/8949/6414
187/812

Metric Coarse Threads & Tap Drills

SizePitch (mm)Tap Drill (mm)
M30.52.5
M40.73.3
M50.84.2
M61.05.0
M81.256.8
M101.58.5
M121.7510.2
M142.012.0
M162.014.0
M202.517.5
M243.021.0

Bolt Grade & Property Class Markings

Grade / ClassHead MarkingMin TensileTypical Use
SAE Grade 2No radial lines74 ksi (to 3/4")General purpose, low stress
SAE Grade 53 radial lines120 ksi (to 1")Automotive, machinery
SAE Grade 86 radial lines150 ksiHigh-strength, drivetrain
Class 8.8"8.8" on head800 MPaMetric standard structural
Class 10.9"10.9" on head1040 MPaMetric high-strength
Class 12.9"12.9" on head1220 MPaSocket cap screws, tooling

Hex Bolt Head Size (Width Across Flats)

Bolt Dia.Wrench SizeBolt Dia.Wrench Size
1/47/169/1613/16
5/161/25/815/16
3/89/163/41-1/8
7/165/87/81-5/16
1/23/411-1/2

Approximate Tightening Torque (Dry, Plain Finish, ft-lb)

Size (UNC)Grade 5Grade 8
1/4-20812
5/16-181724
3/8-163045
7/16-145070
1/2-1375110
5/8-11150220
3/4-10260380

Torque values are approximate for dry, unlubricated, plain-finish fasteners and vary with plating, lubrication, and joint design. For critical joints, calculate from the actual application or test. Reference only — not engineering advice.

Metric Fine Threads & Tap Drills

Size & PitchTap Drill (mm)Clearance (mm)
M6 × 0.755.256.6
M8 × 1.07.009.0
M8 × 1.25 (coarse)6.809.0
M10 × 1.09.0011.0
M10 × 1.258.8011.0
M12 × 1.2510.8013.5
M12 × 1.510.5013.5
M14 × 1.512.5015.5
M16 × 1.514.5017.5
M18 × 1.516.5020.0
M20 × 1.518.5022.0
M22 × 1.520.5024.0
M24 × 2.022.0026.0

Tap drill for a metric thread is the major diameter minus the pitch. Clearance holes are ISO medium fit.

Drill Sizes — Decimal Equivalents

Number, letter and fractional drills in one place, smallest to largest.

Number Drills

No.InchNo.InchNo.Inch
800.0135760.02720.025
700.028680.031650.035
600.04560.0465540.055
530.0595520.0635510.067
500.07490.073480.076
470.0785460.081450.082
440.086430.089420.0935
410.096400.098390.0995
380.1015370.104360.1065
350.11340.111330.113
320.116310.12300.1285
290.136280.1405270.144
260.147250.1495240.152
230.154220.157210.159
200.161190.166180.1695
170.173160.177150.18
140.182130.185120.189
110.191100.193590.196
80.19970.20160.204
50.205540.20930.213
20.22110.228

Letter Drills

LtrInchLtrInchLtrInch
A0.234B0.238C0.242
D0.246E0.25F0.257
G0.261H0.266I0.272
J0.277K0.281L0.29
M0.295N0.302O0.316
P0.323Q0.332R0.339
S0.348T0.358U0.368
V0.377W0.386X0.397
Y0.404Z0.413

Fractional Drills

FractionInchFractionInchFractionInch
1/640.01561/320.03133/640.0469
1/160.06255/640.07813/320.0938
7/640.10941/80.1259/640.1406
5/320.156311/640.17193/160.1875
13/640.20317/320.218815/640.2344
1/40.2517/640.26569/320.2813
19/640.29695/160.312521/640.3281
11/320.343823/640.35943/80.375
25/640.390613/320.406327/640.4219
7/160.437529/640.453115/320.4688
31/640.48441/20.517/320.5313
9/160.562519/320.59385/80.625
21/320.656311/160.687523/320.7188
3/40.7525/320.781313/160.8125
27/320.84387/80.87529/320.9063
15/160.937531/320.968811

Flat Washer Dimensions (Inch)

Bolt SizeSAE IDSAE ODSAE ThkUSS IDUSS ODUSS Thk
1/49/325/8.0655/163/4.083
5/1611/3211/16.0653/87/8.083
3/813/3213/16.0657/161.083
7/1615/3259/64.0651/21-1/4.083
1/217/321-1/16.0959/161-3/8.109
5/821/321-5/16.09511/161-3/4.134
3/413/161-15/32.13413/162.148
7/815/161-3/4.13415/162-1/4.165
11-1/162.1341-1/162-1/2.165

SAE washers are narrower with a smaller outside diameter; USS washers are wider and thicker for a larger bearing surface. Nominal dimensions per ASME B18.22.1.

Hex Nut Dimensions (Inch)

SizeAcross FlatsFinished Nut ThicknessJam Nut Thickness
1/4-207/167/325/32
5/16-181/217/643/16
3/8-169/1621/647/32
7/16-1411/163/81/4
1/2-133/47/165/16
9/16-127/831/645/16
5/8-1115/1635/643/8
3/4-101-1/841/6427/64
7/8-91-5/163/431/64
1-81-1/255/6435/64

Socket Head Cap Screw Dimensions (Inch)

SizeHead DiameterHead HeightHex Key
#6-32.226.1387/64
#8-32.270.1649/64
#10-24.312.1905/32
1/4-20.375.2503/16
5/16-18.469.3121/4
3/8-16.562.3755/16
7/16-14.656.4373/8
1/2-13.750.5003/8
5/8-11.938.6251/2
3/4-101.125.7505/8
1-81.5001.0003/4

Per ASME B18.3. Hex key size is the nominal across-flats of the socket.

Clearance Hole Sizes (Inch)

Bolt SizeClose FitNormal FitLoose Fit
#6.144 (#27).150 (#25).157 (#22)
#8.169 (#18).177 (#16).185 (#13)
#10.196 (#9).201 (#7).209 (#4)
1/4.257 (F).266 (H).281 (9/32)
5/16.323 (P).332 (Q).348 (S)
3/8.386 (W).397 (X).413 (Z)
7/16.4531 (29/64).4687 (15/32).4844 (31/64)
1/2.5156 (33/64).5312 (17/32).5625 (9/16)
5/8.6406 (41/64).6562 (21/32).6875 (11/16)
3/4.7656 (49/64).7812 (25/32).8125 (13/16)

Every figure on this page comes from published industry standards — SAE, ASTM, ANSI and ASME. Dimensions are nominal and exclude tolerances; consult the governing standard for tolerance limits. Reference only, not engineering advice.

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